Text.Appar.ByteString

Parser synonym for strict ByteString.

The class for parser input.

Run a parser.

char c parses a single character c. Returns the parsed character.

This parser succeeds for any character. Returns the parsed character.

oneOf cs succeeds if the current character is in the supplied list of characters cs. Returns the parsed character.

As the dual of oneOf, noneOf cs succeeds if the current character not in the supplied list of characters cs. Returns the parsed character.

Parses a letter or digit (a character between '0' and '9'). Returns the parsed character.

Parses a digit. Returns the parsed character.

Parses a hexadecimal digit (a digit or a letter between 'a' and 'f' or 'A' and 'F'). Returns the parsed character.

Parses a white space character (any character which satisfies isSpace) Returns the parsed character.

string s parses a sequence of characters given by s. Returns the parsed string

The parser try p behaves like parser p, except that it pretends that it hasn't consumed any input when an error occurs.

choice ps tries to apply the parsers in the list ps in order, until one of them succeeds. Returns the value of the succeeding parser.

option x p tries to apply parser p. If p fails without consuming input, it returns the value x, otherwise the value returned by p.

skipMany p applies the parser p zero or more times, skipping its result.

skipSome p applies the parser p one or more times, skipping its result.

sepBy1 p sep parses one or more occurrences of p, separated by sep. Returns a list of values returned by p.

manyTill p end applies parser p zero or more times until parser end succeeds. Returns the list of values returned by p.

An infix synonym for fmap.

The name of this operator is an allusion to Prelude.$. Note the similarities between their types:

 ($)  ::              (a -> b) ->   a ->   b
(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

Whereas Prelude.$ is function application, <$> is function application lifted over a Functor.

Examples

Convert from a Maybe Int to a Maybe String using show:

>>> show <$> NothingNothing

>>> show <$> Just 3Just "3"

Convert from an Either Int Int to an Either Int String using show:

>>> show <$> Left 17Left 17

>>> show <$> Right 17Right "17"

Double each element of a list:

>>> (*2) <$> [1,2,3][2,4,6]

Apply even to the second element of a pair:

>>> even <$> (2,2)(2,True)

Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default definition is fmap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Examples

Perform a computation with Maybe and replace the result with a constant value if it is Just:

>>> 'a' <$ Just 2Just 'a'>>> 'a' <$ NothingNothing

Sequential application.

A few functors support an implementation of <*> that is more efficient than the default one.

Example

Used in combination with (Data.Functor.<$>), (<*>) can be used to build a record.

>>> data MyState = MyState {arg1 :: Foo, arg2 :: Bar, arg3 :: Baz}

>>> produceFoo :: Applicative f => f Foo>>> produceBar :: Applicative f => f Bar>>> produceBaz :: Applicative f => f Baz

>>> mkState :: Applicative f => f MyState>>> mkState = MyState <$> produceFoo <*> produceBar <*> produceBaz

Sequence actions, discarding the value of the first argument.

Examples

If used in conjunction with the Applicative instance for Maybe, you can chain Maybe computations, with a possible "early return" in case of Nothing.

>>> Just 2 *> Just 3Just 3

>>> Nothing *> Just 3Nothing

Of course a more interesting use case would be to have effectful computations instead of just returning pure values.

>>> import Data.Char>>> import GHC.Internal.Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP>>> let p = string "my name is " *> munch1 isAlpha <* eof>>> readP_to_S p "my name is Simon"[("Simon","")]

Sequence actions, discarding the value of the second argument.

Lift a value into the Structure.

Examples

>>> pure 1 :: Maybe IntJust 1

>>> pure 'z' :: [Char]"z"

>>> pure (pure ":D") :: Maybe [String]Just [":D"]

A variant of <*> with the types of the arguments reversed. It differs from flip (<*>) in that the effects are resolved in the order the arguments are presented.

Examples

>>> (<**>) (print 1) (id <$ print 2)12

>>> flip (<*>) (print 1) (id <$ print 2)21

>>> ZipList [4, 5, 6] <**> ZipList [(+1), (*2), (/3)]ZipList {getZipList = [5.0,10.0,2.0]}

An associative binary operation

One or more.

Examples

>>> some (putStr "la")lalalalalalalalala... * goes on forever *

>>> some Nothingnothing

>>> take 5 <$> some (Just 1)* hangs forever *

Note that this function can be used with Parsers based on Applicatives. In that case some parser will attempt to parse parser one or more times until it fails.

Zero or more.

Examples

>>> many (putStr "la")lalalalalalalalala... * goes on forever *

>>> many NothingJust []

>>> take 5 <$> many (Just 1)* hangs forever *

Note that this function can be used with Parsers based on Applicatives. In that case many parser will attempt to parse parser zero or more times until it fails.

The parser satisfy f succeeds for any character for which the supplied function f returns True. Returns the character that is actually parsed.