Data.Bytes.VarInt

This module provides a VarInt wrapper with a Serial instance that generates base-128 variable-width ints. Values are encoded 7 bits at a time, with the most significant being a continuation bit. Thus, the numbers from 0 to 127 require only a single byte to encode, those from 128 to 16383 require two bytes, etc.

This format is taken from Google's Protocol Buffers, which provides a bit more verbiage on the encoding: https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/encoding#varints.